Isindululo sikwintsimi yobugcisa bomthi ochasene nomngundo, kwaye ihambelana ngokukodwa nendlela yokulwa nokungunda kweenkuni, iinkuni ezichasayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.Indlela yokulwa ne-mildew yokhuni ebonelelwe kwesi sisombululo iquka amanyathelo alandelayo: ukwenza unyango oluphantsi lokushisa kwimithi ukuze ufumane imithi ephantsi kweqondo lokushisa;iqondo lokushisa lonyango oluphantsi lwe-30-70 ° C;ukwenza unyango lobushushu obuphakathi kwinkuni ephantsi kweqondo lokushisa ukufumana unyango lwesibini Ukhuni;ukujikeleza unyango lobushushu obuphantsi kunye nonyango lobushushu obuphakathi ubuncinane kabini ukufumana iinkuni ezinobungqina bokungunda;umjikelo uqala kunyango lobushushu obuphantsi.Ukuveliswa kutshabalalisa udonga lweseli kunye ne-membrane yeseli yokhuni ngonyango oluphantsi lobushushu, ukwenzela ukuba izondlo ezikwiiseli ziphume;ngokusebenzisa ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nobushushu obuphakathi unyango olulolunye, umthombo wezondlo ofunekayo ekukhuleni kwebhaktheriya uyapheliswa, kunye nobuchule bokulwa nomkhuhlane wokhuni buphuculwe.Indlela yokulwa ne-mildew yokhuni olunikezwa ngolu cwangciso igcina umbala kunye nesakhiwo selogi ngokwayo kwaye inokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Intshayelelo yokungunda:
Umthi osanda kuvuna kulula ukubumba ukuba akukho manyathelo okukhusela afanelekileyo athatyathwa ngexesha lokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa, ukulungiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa, okungachaphazeli nje umgangatho wokubonakala kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lezoqoqosho, kodwa kudala iimeko zokuhlaselwa kwezinye iifungi.Ifungi kwi-microorganisms ingcolisa umphezulu womthi kwaye ayinayo impembelelo encinci kubunzima kunye namandla omthi.Ukungunda kukholisa ukwenzeka emthini kunye nezinye iifungi, nto leyo eyenza kubenzima ukwahlula ukungunda nokubola kunye nokungunda kwemibala.Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukungunda kwendudumo kuzala ngokukhawuleza, ngokufuthi kukuthintela ukukhula kwezinye iifungi.Iindudumo zefungus zihlasela umthi ikakhulu ngokufunxa iswekile kunye nesitatshi emthini njengomthombo wokutya, ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa udonga lweseli kwaye lungabi nampembelelo kumandla omthi, kodwa lunokunyusa ukunyanzeliswa komthi.Ukungunda kunokubangela amabala anemibala eyahlukeneyo, kwaye zenze ingwevu, eluhlaza, ebomvu-etyheli, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye namanye amachaphaza anombala omdaka kumphezulu womthi.Isizathu sokuba ezi fungi zingabangela amabala kukuba i-pigment spores okanye i-hyphae iqokelela phezu kwendawo yokhuni, okanye ukhuni lungcoliswa yimveliso ye-metabolism.Ezi ndawo zokungunda ezityheli, ezibomvu, eziluhlaza namnyama zincanyathiselwe kakhulu kumphezulu womthi., ngokuqhelekileyo inokususwa nge-bleach, ibrashi yocingo okanye i-fade emva kokumisa, kodwa isikhunta sikhula ixesha elide, i-stain iya kungena kwi-fiber yomthi, okubangela umonakalo kwiipropati zomatshini kunye nokunciphisa amandla okhuni. .
I-Wood mildew ibangelwa yi-microscopic fungi, ethoba isidima somthi kunye neemveliso zemithi, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima kubangela ilahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho.Imigangatho yomgangatho weplywood, i-veneer, ifenitshala kunye neemveliso zokhuni zokuhombisa kwilizwe lam zinezithintelo kwi-blue stains kunye ne-mildew, kunye neemveliso zokuthumela ngaphandle zifuna i-Stricter, i-mildew ayivumelekanga.Amazwe angaphandle anika ingqwalasela ngakumbi kwi-anti-blueing kunye ne-anti-mildew.ilizwe lam likwanika ingqwalaselo ethe kratya kunyango lwe-anti-blueing kunye ne-anti-mildew yamaplanga erabha, i-bamboo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle..Ngokuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi zokukhusela amahlathi endalo, uphuhliso olongezelelweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithi yokulima kunye ne-bamboo, kunye notshintsho kwimarike yokhuni olubangelwa ukujoyina i-WTO, i-wood anti-blue stain kunye ne-anti-mildew iya kubaluleka ngakumbi.Ukupapashwa kunye nokuphunyezwa komgangatho wesizwe we-CBT18621-2013 "Indlela yoVavanyo yokuSebenza ngokuSebenza kwe-Antifungal Agents kwi-Wood Mold kunye ne-Discoloration Fungus" inike inkuthazo yophando olongezelelweyo kunye nophuhliso lwee-agent ezintsha ze-antifungal kubantu.Kubonakala nje uninzi lwamaqela espore, abe mnyama, abenombala oluhlaza okhanyayo: yiba namachaphaza amnyama kumphezulu weplanga elibanzi.Uninzi lokungunda lukhula ngamandla xa ukufuma kwe-atmosfera kungaphezulu kwe-90%.
Ezinye izinto zokungunda zinokuthi zenzeke emthini ezinobumanzi obuyi-20%, ngoko ke ukungunda komthi kunokumelana neemeko ezimbi kunefungi yokubola komthi.Ukunganyangeki kwechiza lokungunda nako kuphezulu kunoko lokungunda okubolayo.Umzekelo, i-preservative-treated pine (i-Pinus spp.) inokuthintela kwaye ilawule i-fungi eninzi ebolisa iinkuni, kodwa ayikwazi nje ukuthintela ukukhula kwezinto ezininzi zokungunda, kodwa inokuthi ikhuthaze ukukhula kwesikhunta.Uninzi lokungunda luyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.Umonakalo wokungunda kwi-microstructure yenaliti kunye nemithi yompayina enamagqabi abanzi ifana ne-discoloration fungus.Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, kunokubangela ukubola komthi okuthambileyo okufana nokungunda kombala.Ezinye izingundo zinomonakalo omncinci kwiindonga zeeseli zokhuni.Ukungunda kunye ne-discoloration fungus ikakhulu ithatha iipolysaccharides kwiiseli zokhuni, kwaye i-hyphae idla ngokuvela kwiiseli ezininzi zeray parenchyma.Ukungena kwe-hyphae ikakhulu nge-gap yefiber.
Isithinteli sokungunda ngamaplanga:
Iiarhente zolawulo lokungunda komthi kunye nokuguquka kombala zibizwa ngokuba zii-inhibitors zokubumba iinkuni.I-halogenated phenols kunye neetyuwa zazo zesodium (ezifana ne-pentachlorophenol kunye ne-sodium pentachlorophenate zezona zibulala umngundo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Ekubeni i-carcinogens yafunyanwa kwi-pentachlorophenol, amazwe amaninzi (imimandla) aye avala ngokupheleleyo okanye ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-halophenol antifungal agents for wood. ekudibaneni nomzimba womntu, kwaye sizinikele kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwe-antifungal agents ezinetyhefu ephantsi, iodine ye-organic (IPBC), i-chlorothalonil (i-chlorothalonil), i-quaternary ammonium salts (DDAC, BAC), i-triazoles, i-Quinoline (CU-8) , i-naphthenate (i-naphthenate yethusi) i-anti-mildew kunye ne-blue stain tests ibonisa ukuba kukho umgama omkhulu phakathi kweziphumo zovavanyo lwetyhefu yangaphakathi kunye nezicelo ezisebenzayo, kunye novavanyo lwasendle kufuneka lwenziwe ukuze kukhuselwe iinkuni ezichasene nomngundo Kukho iintlobo ezininzi. zokungunda, kunye nokumelana nechiza kutshintsha kakhulu; ukuxhathisa ichiza lokungunda kuhlala kunamandla kunolo lwebhaktheriya eguqukayo; ukuxinana kwamayeza angamalwelo othintelo kunye nokunyangwa kwamabala aluhlaza kunye nokungunda kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo isenokungabi ncam. enjalo.Ukuze kwandiswe umsebenzi obanzi we-anti-fungal agents Ukwabelana ngesondo, ukuphucula umphumo we-bactericidal, kwakhona uphando kunye nokuphuhlisa ezininzi ii-antifungal agents ezixutywe ngamaplanga ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Intshayelelo kwiindlela ezininzi zokuthintela ukungunda komthi:
Ngokutsho kwentshayelelo kaDavide evela kwi-gzzxsc, umenzi we-antifungal womthi, iindlela zonyango lwemithi ye-antifungal inokunyangwa ngokomisa, ukufutha isulfure, ukutshiza i-antifungal agent, i-antifungal agent exutywe namanzi, kunye ne-antifungal agent exutywe namanzi.Ukhuni lunokumelana nokungunda ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhukuliseka komthi ngenxa yokungunda.Umzi-mveliso ngamnye wokulungisa iinkuni, umzi-mveliso wefanitshala okanye umzi-mveliso wezandla ungakhetha iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zokulwa nokungunda ngokwemeko yomzi-mveliso.
1. Indlela yokomisa ukuthintela ukungunda komthi:
Iinkuni ziyayomiswa, yaye kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukutshisa iinkuni.Ukomiswa kwegumbi eliqhelekileyo (iziko) kubhekiselele kusetyenziso lwamagumbi okomisa iinkuni (iikontini) ukomisa iinkuni.Iyakwazi ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iimeko zokumisa ukomisa iinkuni, ezibizwa ngokuba yigumbi lokumisa okanye ukomisa i-kiln.Okwangoku, kwimveliso yokomisa iinkuni ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ukomisa igumbi eliqhelekileyo libalelwa kwi-85% -90% yemveliso yokomisa iinkuni.Umthombo wokushisa osetyenziswayo yi-heater yomphunga, ekufuneka ixhotyiswe ngebhoyili yomphunga.Le ndlela ineendleko.Nangona inokunciphisa umthamo wokufuma, ayinakuyisombulula ingxaki.Ngokomzekelo, indawo ekugcinwa kuyo ukhuni inomswakama ophezulu, kwaye ukhuni luya kuphinda lufunxe umswakama, oluya kwandisa umswakama wokhuni kwaye lubangele isikhunta.Le ndlela yokukhusela isikhunta somthi Ifanelekile ukugcinwa kwexesha elifutshane lemithi okanye ukugcinwa kwexesha kunye nomswakama ophantsi kunye nobushushu.
2. Indlela yokufutha isulfure ukuthintela ukungunda komthi:
Ekuqaleni, i-sulphur fumigation yayisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukungunda, ukubola kunye nezinambuzane emthini, kwaye umxholo wokufuma womthi wawufuneka ube ngaphezu kwe-5%.I-Sulfur fumigation kukuba umphunga wesulfure kunye nomphunga wamanzi unokusabela ukwenza i-sulphur dioxide, ethi itofwe kwimicu yomthi phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo malunga nemizuzu engama-25.Ukutsha kwesulfure kuya kwenza i-sulphur dioxide, eya kuthi idlule ngokunzulu umgangatho.Kwangaxeshanye, isulfure iqulethe isinyithi esinzima esinje ngelothe kunye nemekyuri, eza kubangela ityhefu yelothe okanye ityhefu yemekyuri emzimbeni womntu.Ngenxa yeemfuno zokusingqongileyo, le ndlela yokukhusela isikhunta somthi ayikhuthazwa.
3. Indlela yokutshiza ukuthintela ukungunda kwamaplanga:
Le ndlela ifanelekile kunyango lwe-bamboo kunye neebhodi zokhuni.njl.) Ukuba ixutywe ne-arhente echasene nomngundo, iya kubangela ukuguqulwa, ngoko ungasebenzisa i-agent ye-anti-fungal yomthi ukutshiza kumphezulu wayo, kwaye udibane ngqo nomthengisi we-anti-fungal agent ukuba uthenge i-agent ye-anti-fungal eyomileyo ngokukhawuleza. ukwenzela unyango.Kwiifektri zebhodi ye-bamboo kunye nebhodi, Umgca wendibano unokusekwa, kwaye i-agent ye-antifungal ngokuzenzekelayo izixhobo zokutshiza zingasetwa kumgca wendibano.Xa umatshini ufumanisa ukuba ipleyiti iyadlula, umlomo uya kuzitshiza ngokuzenzekelayo i-agent ye-antifungal ukuze igqume ipleyiti, kwaye izixhobo zokomisa zinokongezwa ngasemva ukuze zomise.Le ndlela inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi kunye neyeza.Ukuba idosi incinci okanye ayilunganga ukuseta ibhokisi yokutshiza, ungasebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo isitshizi ukutshiza ngokulinganayo kumphezulu webhodi okanye usebenzise i-mop ecocekileyo efakwe kwi-arhente ukuxubha ebhodini.
4. Indlela yokufunxa ukuthintela ukungunda komthi:
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-anti-mildew kunye nemiphumo yobungqina bezinambuzane ze-bamboo, iinkuni, i-rattan, ingca kunye neemveliso zabo emva kokunyanga, zicwilise iinkuni ngesisombululo sempahla ye-agent anti-fungal, kunye nobunzima be-bamboo, umthi, i-rattan, kunye nengca kufuneka inyuke nge-15% -20% (malunga nemizuzu emi-5-10).Amagqabantshintshi: Ulwelo olufunxayo lulungiswa ngokomlinganiselo we-1:20 (5Kg intonga ye-antifungal agent: 100Kg amanzi).I-bamboo, iinkuni, i-rattan, ingca kunye nemveliso yazo zonke zintywiliselwa kwiyeza elilungiselelwe ulwelo (ungawuvezi umphezulu wamanzi), kwaye emva kokufikelela kwinzuzo yobunzima be-15% -20%, ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa ixesha lokufunxa kunye nokuzuza ubunzima ngokutsho. ukuya kumanzi owomileyo okhuni lwe-bamboo, kwaye emva koko uthabathe amathontsi Iyeza lolwelo olomileyo, elomileyo emoyeni okanye elomiswe ngelanga kwaye libekwe kwindawo yokugcina.Ukunyangwa komthi omkhulu we-bamboo kufuna ukwakhiwa kwedama, elilungele ukusetyenziswa.
5. Indlela yoxinzelelo lwevacuum ukuthintela ukungunda komthi:
Indlela yokubeka iinkuni kwisitya sokutshayela, kwaye ukhuphe umoya kwindawo yeseli yokhuni ukwenza uxinzelelo olubi.Galela isisombululo somthi we-antifungal kwisitya phantsi kweemeko ze-vacuum, kwaye umehluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kweeseli uya kwenza ulwelo lungene emthini.Indlela yokucoca inesiphumo esihle sonyango kwaye izixhobo zilula.Ngokubanzi, inokufakwa kwaye isetyenziswe kwipaviliyoni ezinkulu zakudala, iipromenade, kunye neendawo zokugcina.Ukwandisa uxinzelelo oluthile kwisitya esikhethekileyo esingangeni moya, kwaye ujobe i-agent ye-antifungal yomthi kwi-fiber pores.Isiphumo sonyango loxinzelelo lungcono kunezinye iindlela.I-agent antifungal yomthi ingena ngokunzulu kwaye isasaza ngokulinganayo.Imveliso yemizi-mveliso, imveliso enkulu, kulula ukufikelela kulawulo lomgangatho, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-anti-mold kunye ne-anti-corrosion unyango lwe-bamboo kunye nemithi enoxinano oluphezulu kunye nokungena okunzima kweekhemikhali.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wemithi enyangweyo kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu kunye nezigxininisiweyo zokugcinwa kweepaliyoni zamandulo kunye ne-promenades, iitanki ezincinci zonyango ezinoxinzelelo nazo zingafakelwa njengoko kufuneka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-03-2022
